Steam-power plant



STEAM POWER PLANT Filed June 28. 1925 M UNITED STAT-ES PATENT OFFICE.

.Patented Mar. 24, 1925.(

lFRANZ LsEL, or BRUNN, CZECHOSLOVAKIA.

STEAM-POWER PLANT.

v'Al'rplication filed June 28, 1.923. Serialk No. 648,388.

To all whom t may concern. Y

Be it known that I,n FRANZ LsEL, a cit-izen ot the Czechoslovakian Republic, residing at 5 Glockengasse, Brunn, Czechoslovakia, have invented certain new and useful Irnprovelnents in and `Relating to SteamvPower Plants (for ywhich I have filed applications in Czechoslovakia June 8, 1922, and in Germany June l2, 1922) and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention,` such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates tov steam power plants and consists 'in connecting up turbines and steam engines of other type-s, such as winding engines, steam hammers or the like, insuch a manner that any partial or intermediate drops in energy taken from the former, are used in the latter entirely or partially for the purpose of conversion into mechanical energy.

`Steam power plants, in which the main turbine co-acts with an'auxiliary turbine in such a manner that a portion of the flow of driving fluid from the former is usedin the latter for performing work, are known.

Inthese known'power plants the machines connected up have hitherto always been of the same type, while the invention relates to mixed power plants, in which a turbine constituting the main steam actuated machine co-acts with steam actuated machines of other types', such for instance as winding engines, steam hammers or the like, which work intermittently and with a greatly varying steam consumption.

According to the invention the subsidiary steam'actuated machines are connected up between the separate portions of the turbine, for instance between the'high pressure, intermediate pressure and low pressure portions, so that they work in series with these portions or simultaneously in parallel or can be disconnected from or connected up with each other, i. e., can work independently by themselves or only with separate parts of the same.

The subsidiary machines can also, when required, be arranged so as to-be capable of being directly connected to and disconnected from the main `steam generator or suitable subsidiary steam generators, so that they may be vcompletely independent during certain periods of working.

The invention makes it possible to obtain an extremely economical working of such mixed steam power plants consisting of a turbine and subsidiary steam actuated machines of different types; The steam pressure for production of energy for the entire plant can be increased to any extent in an economical manner and the steam generators need only produce high pressure and highly superheated steam, which is cheaper and more suitable for conversion into mechanical energy, kthus ensuring a particularly high degree of eliiciency forthe plant with the lowest possible steam consumption. Any winding engines, steam hammers and the like designed for lower pressures can continue to work, when the steam pressure increased and the degree of superheating raised, i. e., when the plant is run more economically, by simple changes of connections or adaptations, without any reconstructions or interchanges being required or it being necessary to erect or keep in operation special suitable but uneconomical steam generators for them.

The invention ensures a complete utilization of the energy drop in the driving fluid in mixed steam power plants and more particularly minimizes the losses due to the subsidiary machines, as these machines are kept working under the most favorable economical conditions. Special condensing plant and other auxiliary plant for the subsidiary machines also becomes superfluous.

A further object of the invention is a simple way of collecting and utilizing all the exhausts of the turbines and steam engines, resulting in a further particularly efficientutilization of the energy and an improvement in the heat utilization. At the same time the. working of the whole plant, the attendance and supervision are simplified and a perfect control more particularly of the heat utilization is made possible.

Certain subsidiary steam generators,

which are absolutely necessary owing to special working conditions need only be small and can also be arranged so as to be con-- nected and disconnected with the subsidiary machines when necessary. This may be combined with a specially economical utilization of the waste heat, waste gas, smoke gas and the like.k

Thusthe improvements according to the invention result in a successful heat utilization and consequently in considerable techni- Qel advantages The drawing indicatesA diagrammatically one modification of my invention.

Referring to the dra-wing, l have shown a particular embodiment in which the turbine apparatus is divided into three separate and distinct turbines, u, 7) and c connected in series and with the high pressure part a exhausting into the reciprocating engine apparatus cl and the latter exhausting through line le, into the low pressure part c. A regulating valve e is disposed in the high pressure steam supply line f and controls the supply of steam to the high pressure turbine a. A controlling valve 7c regulates the admission of steam from the tubine a into the intermediate turbine b and a steam connection/m connects the turbines b and c. A controlling valve Z regulates the supply of steam from the high pressure part cto the line g leading to the apparatus (Z, and a steam supply line g with a regulating valve r therein permits the supply of steam directly to the reciprocating apparatus Z from a suitable source, if desired. lith the valves e, 7c and Z open. the three turbines e, b and c operate in series or tandem, and the reciprocating engine apparatus CZ operates in parallel with the intermediate pressure turbine Z), and in series with the high and low pressure turbines a and c, taking steam from the low pressure end of a and exhausting it, after working therein, into the low pressure turbine c. The` steam, after passing through turbine c enters a line e' which leads to' condensing apparatus or to any other point of steam consumption. The system including the intermittently operating reciprocating apparatus I connected in the manner indicated with the turbine apparatus a .7J-fc functions with good efiieiency and 'economy 'and substantially without impairing the performance of the steam turbines; `-floreover7 the parallel operation of the reciprocating engine apparatus (l and the turbine Y) in series with the turbines L and c ten-ds toward greater exibility and to equalize or make more uniform the flow of steam, that is to say, the intermediate turbine tends to compensate for the fluctuations in the steam flow te and from the reciprocating engine and thereby renders substantially uniform the steam flow through the high pressure and low pressure turliines.

Steam auxiliaries which may be desired,` such as dryers, superheaters, recuperators and accumulators are omitted from the drawing for convenience in illustration.

lVhat I claim iszt- In a steam power plant, in coinbination, a high pressure turbine, a low pressure turbine, a reciprocating engine,connected-with the high pressure turbine to receive steam therefrom and to the low pressure turbine te supply exhaust steam thereto, and an intermediate turbine in series between the high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine and adapted to compensate for the fluctuations in the steam flow to and from the reciprocating engine and thereby render substantially uniform the steam flow through the high pressure and low pressure turbines.

FRANZ LSEL. 

